Just to clarify, there is no incompatability with 1 and 3. In picture 1, he is is clearly at the standard required for Majors, with the potential for a little bit more growth. When compared to number 3, your coaches/scouts are informing you that he could reach 4*, which would match the actual ability of player 1, but that they aren't 100% sure that he will actually make it that far. Hence the potentially Majors standard tag, even though he is a Prime level player right now. They arent 100% sure on his actual ability level right now, which means that they cant say with confidence what level he is at. More scouting would help here.
As for image 2, the coaches/scouts are making a judgement call that even though he potentially has a high celing, he wont make it as far as Majors standard for a number of reasons (age etc). Hence the Championship designation, with a potential tag.
The English description is designed to indicate the ambiguity, if they were 100% set in stone then you may as well use FM Scout. You need to make your own judgement based on stat profile, age, current training level, match experience to date, PPA's etc etc. You may find a player that your scouts reccomend highly, but he is a right wing back with terrible physical stats, poor teamwork etc. But he has really high values for stuff that you might not want, or a lot of his current ability has been taken up by PPA's that contradict each other (Gets Forward and Stays Back for example). Rated well, but too much effort to retrain and get right. But your coaches/scouts are telling you he is Potentially Majors standard.
TLDR: The white stars dictate the text for both Current and Potential ability, as it is the theoretical maximum based on your scouts/coaches judgement.
As a side note, if you have a 14 year old player who starts off at 40 CA and has a 145 PA, he will appear to scouts and coaches as someone who is high potential ability regardless of his actual standard, because he has a lot of potential growth. As he ages, if his CA doesnt improve much his potential ability prediction will slowly catch up to his actual ability level until eventually they will be the same. In this example, he is 28 now and his CA is 80 as he was ruined due to injuries and lack of playing time. He will probably always be a player who has a little bit of "spare" potential that the coaches/scouts pick up on because in theory he still has a lot of points spare, which would probably gives you a player similar to example 3's text description, based on whichever league structure and level you are playing at. Does that help?